Review of the Article, Consequences of Differentiated...

The essay is a review the following article: Wu, Joshua B, Tsui, Anne S., and Kinicki, Angelo J. 2010. Consequences of differentiated leadership in groups. Academy of Management Journal 53: 90-106. Introduction The research article â€Å"Consequences of Differentiated Leadership in Groups† focuses on the issues of leadership as it needs to confront groups. The theoretical assumption is that individual and group level methods need to be applied for groups by the leadership of an organization. The researchers in the paper argue that group level methods lead to increased performance and output. Furthermore, there is a trend towards cohesive and disciplined work teams. The leadership on the contrary when it applies an individual approach†¦show more content†¦General Theoretical Framework The study assumes that leadership and its impact upon groups have gained considerable attention in recent research. There has been trend towards analyzing the impact of leadership upon individuals and groups. Transformational leadership is based upon charisma where the individual crafts a common vision for the followers (Wu, Tsui Kinicki, 2010: Pg 90). As a consequence, the followers are motivated to engage in collective action which can transform the core nature of the entity. Differentiated leadership towards individuals means recognizing their strengths and weaknesses. The leadership strives to delegate different responsibilities to the individual. On the contrary, a group oriented approach leads to common values and principles. The group is motivated by shared values and mutual confidence among each other. Research Methodology The authors have selected workgroups belonging to diverse organizations that work in different sectors of the economy. In addition, each worker has been selected from different departments as a means of deriving accurate and reliable results. Questionnaires and surveys were selected as the method for data collection (Wu, Tsui Kinicki, 2010: Pg 95). Such methods are beneficial because they enable the researchers to target the population sample in a cost effective manner. Furthermore, it prevents researchers from interfering in the data collection process. Finally the researchers interviewed theShow MoreRelatedImplementing A Leadership Position At A Graduate Program Offers Opportunity For Young Professionals1928 Words   |  8 Pagesimplementing a leadership position is a multi-step process that involves faculty, students, and mentors. Although leadership comes naturally to some, the skills necessary to become an effective leader are not effortless to most and must be learned throug h experience. Creating a leadership position in a graduate program offers opportunity for young professionals to develop and refine those skills in preparation for the real world (Partners Against Hate, 2002). 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Tqm Project - 4544 Words

Abdullah Younus younus.abdullah@ymail.com EMN 502 PROJECT QUESTIONS 1. Why is service quality more difficult to define than product quality? -While service and production share many attributes, services have more diverse quality attributes than products. For example, product like a personal computer is typically evaluated on its merits, and it makes little difference to the user whether the person that assembled the computer was in a bad mood the day the computer was made. Service settings are more complex; thus quality is more difficult to define. A customer of a restaurant, for example, evaluates the quality of the restaurant not only on the merits of the food, but also on the demeanor of the employees, the speed of the†¦show more content†¦He found that wealth was concentrated in the hands of the few and poverty in the hands of the many. The principle is based on the unequal distribution of things in the universe. It is the law of the significant few versus the trivial many. The Pareto Principle is a rule-of-thumb, which states that: â€Å"20 percent of the problems have 80 percent of the impact.† The 2 0 percent of the problems are the â€Å"vital few† and the remaining problems are the â€Å"trivial many.† From the quality point of view, this diagram was introduced by the professor J. M. Juran, as an instrument for the classification of the problems of quality: ÃŽ ½ Major problems, they are only a few, but their results are quite important; ÃŽ ½ Secondary problems, there are also a great deal of minor problems, but their results are limited. A Pareto Diagram is a good tool to use when the process investigated produces data that are broken down into categories and you can count the number of times each category occurs. A Pareto diagram puts data in a hierarchical order, which allows the most significant problems to be corrected first. The Pareto analysis technique is used primarily to identify and evaluate nonconformities, although it can summarize all types of data. It is the perhaps the diagram most often used in management presentations. Typical observations from Pareto diagram analysesShow MoreRelatedThe Modern Business World : An Essential Concept Which Plays An Important Role For Organisations?1061 Words   |  5 Pagesresources (Haupt and Whiteman 2004). Hence, the concept of total quality management (TQM) is required. According to Oakland (2003), TQM basically refers to an integrated management philosophy that encourages an organisation to use all its resources, including people within the organisation, to achiev e the organisation’s objectives. Furthermore, TQM, Quality Assurance (QA), and Quality Control (QC) have a different concept. TQM is derived from the evolution of quality. 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Reaction to Tuesdays with Morrie Essay Example For Students

Reaction to Tuesdays with Morrie Essay Tuesdays with Morrie is a phenomenal book. Lately I have been too busy to read books, so I have skimmed them, but when I started to read this book, I could not put it down. A strong student-teacher relationship is really unknown these days. In most instances it is a US against THEM mentality with the students being the US and the teachers being the THEM. In an education setting this can occur, when this wall is thrown up, there are too many obstacles to try and overcome. I liked this book for several reasons. One being I had a teacher in my senior year in high school who was my inspiration. She pushed me and motivated me to go over and beyond the call of duty and to that I give her many thanks. Whenever I had a problem I could go and talk to her and she would be there for me. At times she was my mom and other times she was a friend. Just like Mitch, there were times in which Morrie served as Mitchs teacher and other times when he was just a friend. When I first looked at the book cover I wondered why was the title what it was. Then after reading the book and realizing that everything they did took place on a Tuesday made perfect sense. Morries classes were on Tuesdays, his office hours were on Tuesdays, their get togethers were on Tuesdays, and so was Morries funeral. Symbolism and irony is what I could call this. By this being a true story, it is really awkward that all these events occurred on Tuesdays. I definitely believe in spirituality and fate and it was truly fate when Mitch saw the television and it mentioned something about Morrie. Then this started the Tuesday class sessions. Morries courage was very evident, he was not afraid to die, unlike most of us. Most people are terrified of death, and it is hard to deal with it, especially when you do not know when it is going to occur. However, Morrie knew death was approaching soon and he did not show fear. He continued to live his life as any other person would. Although he could not do the things he did before or as most healthy people did, he was still a fighter who refused to just stop living. Morrie said he knew it would be trouble as soon as someone had to wipe his ass. This was hard for many reasons, one being he knew death was soon and two he is a man. Men are not suppose to ask for help (at least that is what some people think) especially not to help wipe their ass. This book is the best example of how you need to tell people how you feel before it is too late. Morrie had double trouble, his professor was dying and his brother who had cancer did not want to talk to him. During hard and difficult times, I have come to the realization that family is the best medicine for me. This book should me how perseverance can get you through anything. Most often the important things we learn in life do not come from a textbook, but from those around us. I often wonder why would I have spent almost $100,000 for a degree so I may go into another school and pay about $150,000. Our society is really weird. Although education is the key, sometimes I wonder if I know more things than I did when I was in High School. A lot of the information has been the same with a few minor twists. Tuesdays with Morrie, was truly a story dealing with life and death, how dying man turned death into a beautiful thing? Morrie had an excellent point, when you die people come to your funeral and say great things about you. The problem with this is you never hear them. So Morrie decided to have a living funeral, so all those who wanted to thank him or say something special could actually have the opportunity to do so. Morbid in a sense yes, however once again, makes a lot of sense. .

Nora Helmer Essays - A Dolls House, Memory Of The World Register

Nora Helmer Nora Helmer is a delicate, pampered wife who was spoiled by her wealthy father and later by Torvald. As Ibsen alludes, Nora is the doll of this dollhouse, as her role is to bend into the shape of the ideal housewife. If it is dancing for her husband, completing the family shopping, or playing childish games to attract Helmer's attention, Nora will do what it takes to fit the roles. As readers, we soon read that beneath the blank smile of this doll lies a web of lies, deception, and debt. Nora lives a life separated from the glittering housewife of Torvald Helmer. Nora is possible of her own triumphs and tragedies, independent of the life and decisions of her husband. Using creative symbolic animal imagery, Ibsen develops a deeper understanding of Nora's character, allowing her the capability to deceive and strike a blow for independence of women. Helmer's first spoken phrase comes from the study off-stage: "Is that my little lark twittering out there?" (346) He refers to Nora as a lark, a lighthearted, cheerful, petite songbird found in Eurasia. Helmer is most probably attempting to make the similarity with the characteristics between the bird and his wife. The name also gives a basic meaning of Nora's actions during this situation, as when he first calls her his "little lark" Nora is scurrying around the room humming. This little lark name also suggests Nora's childlike attitude, and Helmer's desire to promote her childish behavior. It illustrates Helmer's desire to cling to his false reality of a happy, simple housewife. What is even more intriguing is the physical characteristics of the bird in relationship to Nora. All larks have white outer tail feathers with their black tail, a black band across their upper head, a black line encircling the crown, and a black "mask" across the eyes. A mask is defined as a "face covering that, in ritual and theater, disguises the wearer and usually communicates an alternate identity."(Random House) This is very fitting for Nora who attempts and temporarily succeeds in disguising her debt from her husband with lies and deception. This mask allows for the seclusion of her debt, and the forged signature on the note payable to Krogstad. It is also the mask that separates the characters from reality, and it is only after this mask is figuratively removed that the Helmer marriage falls apart, causing Nora to banish herself from her family and other illusions that she has lived with up to this point. "Is that my squirrel rummaging around?"(346) Helmer asks as Nora opens Christmas packages and nibbles on macaroons. A squirrel is another animal altogether. These rodents mainly live in trees, and their food is mostly vegetable (especially nuts, seeds, and buds) (Random House). When food is in abundance squirrels will often store their excess amounts in order to return when food is scarce. Nora is constantly storing items she has placed high values on. From money to macaroons, she has found it necessary to squirrel away what she has, and hides the truth from her husband. Nora will resist spending her husband's money on expensive items in order to steal or embezzle the money she needs to pay off her secret debts. Squirrels will hide and bury food, as Nora buries the truth about the money used for the trip that saved the life of Helmer. Ibsen uses squirrels and larks to describe the round character that is Nora. Helmer wishes to simplify Nora's life, relating her to animals that seem joyful and carefree. Helmer wants to live a life within a dollhouse, with a wife who is simple, childish and obedient. Ibsen, however, sets the animal comparisons to unveil an altogether different motive, animals that are deceitful and independent, animals that are able to survive without the help of others. Nora is independent of the roles Helmer imposes on her, as she revels her ability to deceive and comprehend her own demise in the end.